【摘要】 为明确黄淮麦区主栽小麦品种对茎基腐病的抗性水平、不同抗性指标的相关性,以及茎杆和籽粒中镰刀菌毒素积累情况,在采用苗期茎基部滴注法和成株期混合播种法进行抗性鉴定的基础上,本研究还利用超高效液相色谱高分辨质谱联用技术,测定了小麦茎杆和籽粒中6种常见镰刀菌毒素的含量。结果表明,供试的20个小麦品种中,苗期抗病、中抗、感病和高感的分别有‘百农207’等4个、‘郑麦7698’等7个、‘周麦18’等4个和‘矮抗58’等5个,分别占20%、35%、20%和25%。成株期表现抗病、中抗和感病的分别有‘周麦18’和‘中麦895’共2个、‘济麦23’等8个和‘矮抗58’等10个,分别占10%、40%和50%。抗性鉴定数据的统计分析发现,苗期和成株期抗性水平无显著相关性（P>0.05）。毒素检测结果表明,供试品种籽粒中均未检测到毒素,茎秆中均检测到脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）及隐蔽型真菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇-3-葡萄糖苷（D3G）,含量分别为4.03～17.65 mg·kg^-1、0.09～1.28 mg·kg^-1和1.93～16.82 mg·kg^-1。根据研究结果,认为‘矮抗58’和‘郑麦7698’可作为感病和中抗对照品种。本研究结果为小麦茎基腐病抗性鉴定评价、抗性品种培育和利用提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the resistances of main commercial wheat cultivars to Fusarium crown rot（FCR） caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum in the Huanghuai winter wheat region by drip method at seedling stage and the mixed sowing method at adult stage and analyze the correlation of resistances between seedling and adult-plant stages. Fusarium mycotoxin accumulation in stems and kernels were also detected by Ultimate 3000-Q Exactive-Orbitrap in every cultivar. The results of the resistance to FCR showed that at seedling stage, 4 cultivars were resistant, accounting for 20% out of the 20 tested cultivars, such as ‘Bainong 207’; 7 cultivars were moderately resistant, accounting for 35%, such as ‘Zhengmai 7698’; 4 cultivars were susceptible, accounting for 20%, such as ‘Zhoumai 18’; 5 wheat cultivars were highly susceptible, accounting for 25%, such as ‘Aikang 58’. At adult-plant stage, ‘Zhoumai 18’ and ‘Zhongmai 895’ were resistant, accounting for 10%; 8 cultivars were moderately resistant, accounting for 40%, such as ‘Jimai 23’; 10 cultivars were susceptible, accounting for 50%, such as ‘Aikang 58’. There was no significant correlation between see-dling resistance and adult-plant resistance（P > 0.05）. The results of toxin analysis showed that no toxin was detected in kernels of all the 20 wheat cultivars. Deoxynivalenol(DON, 4.03-17.65 mg·kg^-1), zearalenone(ZEN, 0.09-1.28 mg·kg^-1) and the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol 3-glucoside(D3 G, 1.93-16.82 mg·kg^-1) were all detected in stems, with different contents in different cultivars. At both seedling and adult-plant stages, ‘Zhengmai 7698’ and ‘Aikang 58’ were selected as the representative of moderately resistant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. This results provided basis for resistance evaluation of wheat to crown rot, and breeding and utilization of resistant cultivars.更多还原